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2024-12-16
The increasing reliance on internet-connected devices, including Human-Machine Interfaces (HMIs), has opened up new avenues for cyberattacks. This is particularly concerning for critical infrastructure sectors like water and wastewater systems. Recently, the US Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) have jointly released a fact sheet highlighting the significant risks posed by internet-exposed HMIs to these systems.
Key Takeaways
Vulnerable HMIs: HMIs, essential tools for managing operational technology (OT) systems, become prime targets when exposed to the internet.
Potential Consequences: Cyberattacks on HMIs can lead to severe disruptions, including manipulation of water treatment processes, disabling alarms, and complete system lockouts.
Recent Incidents: Recent cyber incidents, some linked to pro-Russia hacktivists, have demonstrated the real-world impact of such attacks.
Beyond Temporary Disruptions: The consequences of failing to secure HMIs extend beyond temporary outages. They can force facilities to revert to manual operations, potentially compromising the delivery of essential water and wastewater services.
Best Practices: To mitigate these risks, the fact sheet recommends:
Disconnecting HMIs from public internet access whenever possible
Implementing strong password policies and multi-factor authentication
Regularly updating software and firmware
Employing network segmentation techniques like DMZs
Monitoring login attempts and investigating suspicious activity
What Undercode Says:
The joint effort by CISA and EPA underscores the growing urgency of addressing cybersecurity threats to critical infrastructure. While HMIs offer significant benefits in terms of efficiency and control, their internet exposure creates a significant attack surface. By following the recommended best practices, water and wastewater facilities can significantly enhance their cybersecurity posture.
It’s crucial to recognize that cybersecurity is an ongoing process. Regular assessments, updates, and employee training are essential to stay ahead of evolving threats. Additionally, collaboration between industry stakeholders, government agencies, and cybersecurity experts is vital in sharing information and developing effective mitigation strategies.
As the threat landscape continues to evolve,
References:
Reported By: Infosecurity-magazine.com
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